Managing Customer Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Customer Service - Essay ExampleBoth gaining client commission and stimulating employees can produce an outstanding military function for the corporation and to ensure that the results first satisfy the client, and whence lead to successful target achievements.Service strategies vary from go with to company, however, they atomic number 18 some general rules that postulate to be observed. Each service strategy aims to improve its client care and to trifle the needs of its customers in the most professional manner. Strategic approaches aim to continuously enhance the understanding intimately the customer service and how to implement it into the routine work with clients. In order for a company to succeed it should have promiscuous to grasp strategy endevours, which are understood by the personnel. This constitutes a great level of the customer service, since they try diverse pieces of advice and support for its clientele. Cook (2008) also elaborates on modern online technology and explains how those changes affected the overall customer service and employees. Customer engagement is best explained by Cook (2008) illustrating few example from eBay, Tesco and John Lewis. at that place is a universal structure and service units regardless of where they are positioned in the market chain and as geographical location.Among the other useful tips that Cook (2008) rears her readers is to listen to customers. Listening to customers is one of the most vital principles of service management. Attention should be paid to the customers demands and requirements. Company representatives should carefully direct customers in order to understand and meet their needs. When customer is speaking, the employees should carefully pay attention and if necessary take notes, especially if the conversation is conducted over the phone. piece of music listening to the customer, the employee should quickly take action on those issues that are easily solved and fixed.Anothe r matter that Cook (2008) reviews is the execution of instrument of customer care strategy. Since customers are becoming growingly sophisticated and inventive in their demands, this requires the implementation of well organized customer care strategy. Every business is dependent on the clients, thus to provide a high level of responsiveness to their desires is the prime aim of every organization. Developing and implementing extensive approaches to customer relation management has increasingly become the cornerstone of service management. There are also preparation and development programs for customer service which aim to make the servicing more interactive (Cook, 2008). There are integration approaches into these training customer service programs which debate real situations and life experiences and enable the employees to frame their impressions about the ever-changing customers demands. Recognition and rewards are other inseparable part of excellent customer care (Cook, 2008) . The company has to recognize the customer as valuable and to indicate that he is important, because he choose particularly us to provide him with the service. To connect reward with customer loyalty we have to show that we try our best to maintenance the customer. To achieve this we reward him in many different ways - from offering him discounts, to bonuses for returning to us again. Mudie and Cottam (1999) ascertain closely at the relationship between marketing and public sector issues. Besides pointing out to these cay areas, they also provide exhaustive examples and case studies

Case discussion Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discussion - Case Study ExampleAccording to Susan, John had bypassed her and several other women in previous promotion exercises.As the Vice President, Kyle had the responsibility of ensuring that the stalemate was resolved amicably. Since the stalemate was a multi-faceted affair, at that place was a need to encourage dialogue to train that any(prenominal) decisions arrived at were amicable and acceptable among solely persons involved. However, despite having the responsibility to ensure an amicable resolution of the dispute was obtained, it was also Kyles responsibility to ensure that employees respected authority. In this regard, it would be Kyles responsibility to insist that Johns instructions ought to get under ones skin been followed since he had the power to make the decisions that he had already made. It would be appropriate if Kyle were to reverse Johns decisions because some employees were unhappy with them, and especially because any decision that would be made would affect Westco directly.The existing organisational culture at Westco could also have contributed to the stalemate. Westo had an open door policy, and Kyle, being the Vice President, had promised to take employee concerns seriously. These devil aspects contributed significantly to the employees notion that they were entitled to disagree openly with Johns decisions. On the other hand, the organizational structure indicated that in the seniority order, Adam was more senior in the company as compared to Oscar. Similarly, tag and Susan were at the same level.John had complete discretion to support any of these employees. This is because he had the responsibility to promote and protect the companys interests. Additionally, the employees rankings were not too far apart as to cause any significant protocol problems. The best employee to promote would have been the employee who, in Johns opinion, was most able to perform the job regardless of any other considerations. As a result,

This is an individual assignment. You are to research an actual Essay

This is an individual assignment. You atomic number 18 to inquiry an actual example of IT leveraging business advantage at an operational level - Essay workoutThe presence of fierce competition and cost restraints in the present world economic scenario make a proactive approach to envision the future results beforehand and implement appropriate measures to achieve desired results and targets is perfectly necessary. In this report the role played by the IBM Corporation in developing such strategies to deepen multifarious businesses with hardware and software solutions has been studied. The latest innovative ideas implemented by this leader in mechanization and IT take in been incorporated in the report. Practical implementation of an IT strategy by a leader in an online gaming industry has been studied and researched up to some extent from the results obtained by it after choosing a contingent IBM product.Information Technology (IT) has grown at a tremendous pace in the last disco biscuit and has left no aspect of business or human life untouched. Banking, Healthcare, Education, The Stock Market, etc. are on the verge of being exclusively run apply IT. The growth in the IT industry just has not been uniform, as advances in hardware and software development have been influenced by the exclusive unavoidably and requirements of large corporation and governments. This has produced a haphazard pattern of growth in the IT sector and the experts in the field of battle have initiated efforts only very recently to restructure it to be uniform, efficient as well as cost effective. Almost all businesses in the developed and the developing countries are being run using latest and the most modern aspects of IT.Institutions like banks, the hotel industry, fast food chains, fast moving consumer goods industry and others have surpassed their competitors by miles using IT to leverage their businesses. One such organization is the IBM Corporation which was the pionee ring organization in ushering the electronic computer age in this century.

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) & Male Circumcision, is it a social Research Paper - 1

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) & Male Circumcision, is it a social bespoke or a religious utilise - Research Paper Exampleleg each(prenominal)y mandated to ensure that all citizens enjoy their rights and happiness, without prejudice or favor because of social, racial, or religious orientation. Male circumcision and distaff genital mutilation ar issues that have raised intense debate on whether they should be treated as religious or social custom practices. However, in view of the historical practices of both male circumcision and female genital mutilation, the practice should be regarded as social but non as religious issue. In addition, United States should not allow these practices among young boys and girls.Researchers have established that female genital mutilation and male circumcision affect the anatomy of the outdoor(a) reproductive organs of both sexes, which ultimately leads to alteration of sensation during internal intercourse (Toubia, 1993, p31). These findings ha ve been employ for a long time in diametric societies to achieve different social objectives, including suppression of sexual feelings. According to Dally(1991, p37), female genital mutilation has been in existence for over 4000 years ago and between 80 to 100 million women have undergone the rite in different parts of the world.There are different reasons that proponents of female genital mutilation use to justify the practice. These include the argument that it is a tradition that is prescribed by the religion (Porter, et al 1986, p 652). Moreover Toubia (1993, p62), argues that female genital mutilation is one of the many practices surrounded by myths and beliefs. Unfortunately, these myths and beliefs have been used for so long to justify the perpetuation of the practice in the society. Toubia (1993, p68) notes that in societies where female genital mutilation is prevalent, uncircumcised women do not get marriage partners because such women are perceived to contain some(preno minal) shortcomings. In most societies that practice the vice, uncircumcised women are considered unfaithful to their husbands once they get

Industrial Revolution in Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Industrial Revolution in Britain - Essay ExampleEngland, having a profuse supply of laborers to mine coal and iron, meaning a beneficial supply of industrial fuel, possessing colonies that serve as her sources of raw materials and as her markets, achieved a head start all over its European equals in the phenomenon of Industrial Revolution. Most importantly, Englands isolation kept her from wars bombarding other European countries, and allowed her to continue industrializing without ruckus (Rempel).Industrial Revolution induced the widespread use of machineries for manufacturing. England went through the phenomenon beginning in18th Century. Soon, more than things could be do quicker and labor costs became cheaper. The process changed England from an agrarian, handicraft economy into a machine-dominated manufacturing industry. This bought for England greater economic potentialities and urbanization. urbanization as an effect of industrializing made England evidenced an increase i n population, as well as the ontogenesis of several unsanded social classes (Rempel).An advent of factories in places where palpable resources of coal and other essential materials could be found was set up in the process of rapid industrializing and urbanizing. Concentration of work forces in these locations was consequently called for. Eventually, these areas were developed to great cities with established political centers. The problem was that these so called factory and mining towns became so displace and swamped that no good living conditions were experienced. Sanitary provisions are found lacking, and diseases spread across these swamped areas. The sore living conditions in these new towns can be attributed to lack of good bricks, absences of building codes, and the lack of machinery for universe sanitation. Yet the more tenable cause was the fact that factory owners offered little regard to the laborers as they underwrite them as commodities and not as actually human beings with important needs (Rempel).These towns then sprouted new categories of British social classes. Factory owners became the new bourgeoisie and the men, women and children became categorized as the new working class. The more alarming incident here was that women and child labor emerged prominently in this period. Yet, more and more heap moved to these cities in search of the higher profits that was seem guaranteed in working for these industries. Unfortunately, the industry workers were not to amaze well-off despite having jobs. This is so because they play second fiddle to the sophisticated machines, and were often disruptive to routine process laborers, working long hours yet receiving low compensations under quite inauspicious conditions (Rempel). eight-day hours meant reduced leisure time even though their material consumption did not increased. It was apparent that the workers become concentrated on factories and mines, and less on agriculture, where half of the pop ulation was in a century earlier. usance in agriculture as a percentage of the population declined rapidly. By 1850, only one in four British could be said to be working the land and as had been said, employment harvest-feast at this point in time took place mostly in traditional manufacturing service industries (Voth, 2003). Therefore, affiance increases that would have been expected from

Should Sugary Drinks Be Taxed Like Cigarettes Essay

Should syrupy Drinks Be Taxed Like Cigarettes - Essay ExampleThe the great unwashed who oppose the pain of taxes on sugar-coated drinks include Mohammed Elzofri, a reported store owner Corky Booze, an alleged fountain auto racer and various agencies such as the American Beverage Association, which governs the beverage industry and peculiarly supports companies such as Coke, Pepsi, Red Bull, and Gatorade (Should Sugary Drinks Be Taxed Like Cigarettes? Calif. City Considering Idea par. 25) as salubrious as the Americans Against Food Taxes. According to Elzofri, imposing taxes on sugary drinks, particularly on tonic waters would significantly be detrimental to the poor people and to business owners like him. His support was that more than 80 percent of people who purchase from his store buy sugary drinks and thus, imposing a tax on these would definitely chip in the drinks more expensive and possibly prohibitive. It was revealed that a tax on a two-liter drink would be equal to an accessory of 68 cents to the current selling price. Concurrently, Booze was reported to have averred that the government should not dictate what people should or should not consume and the imposition of the tax on sugary drinks would be nigh hurtful to the local community. He noted that the poor people who do not have the centre to leave the urban center and purchase these drinks in separate cities that do not impose taxes on them would be left with no options except to contend with these or not to purchase them at all. While other local citizens who could afford to leave Richmond would just purchase these drinks in other cities. This was corroborated by the American Beverage Association which shared Boozes contentions that the imposition of taxes on sugary drinks would be most(prenominal) hurtful to those who could not afford. On the other hand, the people who were reported to openly support the imposition of taxes on sugary drinks include Dr. Jeff Ritterman, a cardiolog ist and also the city councilman Doria Robinson, a noted community militant and Dr. Kristen Bibbin Domingo, who is allegedly an internist at the University of California, San Francisco. According to Ritterman, the imposition of taxes on sugary drinks is seen as an effective way to oppose obesity. This was supported by Domingo, who apparently conducted a study on the effect of a tax imposition on sugary drinks to health and medical costs. As disclosed by Domingo, a nationwide penny-per-ounce soda tax would reduce consumption by 15 percent and would, over a 10-year period, prevent some(prenominal) million diabetes cases and nearly 100,000 heart disease cases, as well as saving $17 one million million in medical costs (Should Sugary Drinks Be Taxed Like Cigarettes? Calif. City Considering Idea par. 30). In addition to substantial savings on medical costs, the tax imposition would allegedly generate as more than as $3 million in revenues, as alleged by Ritterman. These are definite benefits for the city and for the health of the constituents. As added by Ritterman, the revenues could be earmarked from programs such as local sports fields, diabetes treatment for low-income children, and school-based nutrition classes (Should Sugary Drinks Be Taxed Like Cigarettes? Calif. City Considering Idea par. 12). Likewise, Robinson, the community activist concurred that a tax on sugary drinks would eventually assist in breaking the addiction on sodas and therefore, corroborates Ritterman

M6 and 7 policy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

M6 and 7 policy - duty assignment ExampleSecond, management of the implementation of core project functions such as monitoring the burden of unsoundness and preventive services, supporting of public health research, identification and facilitation of project partnerships, building of capacity and infrastructure for sustainable implementation, program evaluation and policy development (Bob & Ron, 2010). Second, review of public health priorities in relation to alveolar consonant health. Third, draw project work plan with phases, tasks, and milestones to track board over time. Forth, monitor costs and progress of projects in relations to oral health budgets and project modifications of work plan, strategic goals and timelines.Managers strategize by focusing on efficiency investment as a critical ingredient of growth and productivity. For example by establishing what consumes the energy of a conjunction and what replenishes it in respect to operations, people resources and financi als. Managers also strategize by focusing on conversations in meetings. According to Bob & Ron (2010), managers are responsible for the quality of each conversations made in every company meeting. They are bound to paraphrase the questions to be of thought provoking nature for purposes of creating ideal outcome for model a manager can pose a question like how can we best profit our monthly sales turnover by 15 per cent in a meeting with sales teams . In addition managers strategize by aligning organizational goals with the organizations vision and mission.Situational analysis is the logical gathering and evaluation of past and present data relating to social, economic, political and technology for purposes of identifying external and internal forces that whitethorn impact on companys performance and choice of strategies(Linda, Jack & Peter, 2012). It also aims at assessing succeeding(a) and current organizations opportunities, strengths and weaknesses. A situational analysis in the implementation of oral health

Black & Decker - Eastern Hemisphere and the ADP Initiative Case Study

Black & Decker - Eastern Hemisphere and the ADP Initiative - Case lead ExampleLancaster knows that to beat the disputation, the Eastern Hemisphere organization would need to pass water its own internal competency which starts from the top, its executives. Black & Decker was fully commit to improving the performance of its Eastern Hemisphere as demonstrated by its commitment to spend nearly $80 million to set up its Singapore headquarters and build factories in Singapore, India and China (Morrison and Black 3). Unfortunately for Lancaster, these growth plans would lead to significant increase in piece of work opportunities whose large percentage would be for way positions (Morrison and Black 4), which was the Eastern Hemispheres Achilles heel. From analyzing the intensity of competition in Asia, Lancaster understood that the Eastern Hemisphere would require a new kind of managers, those who freely piece of land ideas and expertise across the company, nurture and develop cargon ers for their subordinates within the organization eyepatch remaining fiercely committed to business unit performance. Lancasters cause for concern was that there was a major disparity in way styles within the Eastern Hemisphere. Moreover, some of the managers were out rightly bad managers. With so many management styles it would be difficult to effectively execute organizational strategies at the lower levels of the firm. Another concern was the homely lack of opportunities for growth and development made available to staff members. Lancaster noticed that 70 percent of management and supervisory roles were filled by outsiders (Morrison and Black 4). The ADP would infuse into the Eastern Hemisphere several crush practices that would strengthen the management function. First of all the 3600 view would give managers more in-depth knowledge of their employees. With this knowledge they leave behind be able to more effectively assist their staff to grow, develop and attain their c a rer objectives while improving the performance of their business units. For example, from the 3600 view would give managers information which they could use to create smash teams, list employees who were ready for more leadership opportunities and so on. This would reduce the need for seeking managers and supervisors externally since the organization go out get identified and nurtured talent from within. Secondly, the entire ADP process increases staff awareness of the 14 unlike performance dimensions. With increased awareness it can be expected that management and other staff at the Eastern Hemisphere would naturally be motivated to improve themselves which would indirectly lead to an overall better organizational performance. What concerns do Asian managers have about ADP? How substantive are these concerns? Asian managers have numerous concerns about ADP. The substantive concerns are the following culture, language rampart, heterogeneity of the region and scarce opportunitie s for development. The non-substantive ones are managers having limited time to handle ADP, presence of many managers who are used to performing their duties in a certain way and notion that it is too radical a change. These are non-substantive because they are often cited as reasons for maintaining status quo. On the other hand, culture is among the most acknowledged and researched challenges for global business. In Asian cultures subordinates are not to question their seniors. This essentially removes the ability of a manager and his subordinate to be either unmortgaged or criticize each other. The ADP cannot work without this sincere conversation between subordinates and their superiors. Language barrier is huge especially outside Singapore where almost all countries have their own unique dialect.

Importance of islam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Importance of islam - show ExampleBy gaining an understanding of the history, the students volition know how Allahs almighty law works in the lives of people.Islam is derived from an Arabic word meaning peace and teaches that in total submission to Allah, the creator, one finds peace. Muslims believe Allah is the sole(prenominal) God and He is the only one who deserves worship hence any praise of saints or tender-hearted beings is perceived as idolatry. The five pillars of Islam are prayer, fasting, testimony of faith, alms giving and pilgrimage and help to strengthen the fealty and faith of Muslims. Islam theology is a daily way of life which organizes the social, political and economic aspects of life including relations with God, families and other brethren. Islam maintains that Archangel Gabriel relayed messages to Prophet Muhammad from the year 610AD to 632AD. Muhammad is the final messenger of God and the revelation he received was called record book. In 633AD, the firs t Islamic ruler, Abu Bakr commissioned the production of Quran since there was no Quran that was entirely written and approved. The sacred task that Mohammad was entrusted was important and the Quran has glorified and exalting Allah. Therefore, it is crucial for students to a be in possession of knowledge of the Quran and the origin of Islam (Sonn, 2004).The legitimate basis for a person to adopt a religion should be that the claims of the religion are true. The Quran and Hadith are important because they are the legal sources of Islam. The Quran is also a book of guidance therefore it is important for the religious studies students to know and be adequate to prove who composed it. The Quran explains the challenges accusations and attacks of different prophets who were sent to nations. In writing the brief history of the Quran, the students will also have to explain how the seven versions of Quran came about since God expressed it in Arabic only. Another

Human Resources processes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Resources processes - Essay ExampleFin totallyy, employee and union relations are significant to set up the mutual promise required among constituents in a winning organization (Loesch, L. C. 2005).More and more(prenominal), human imaginativeness management activities performed by managers and employees all finished an organization in these areas are imperative to spirited performance. conscionable as information management, excellence improvement, monetary management, and other functions are becoming dim all through an organization, so is the management of human resources. Its flattering everyones job to build an organization that learns rapidly, adapts fast to change, is staffed suitably, and performs efficiently. The strength of this rundown is represented at General Electric, where Every attempt of every man and woman in the follow is focused on satisfying customers needs ( Kirkpatrick, D. 2006, 54-59).To frame our orientation in a sensible preliminary to evaluate te acher performance, this research propose borrowing from the realm of corporate, industrial, and adult fosterage and using Kirkpatricks (1959a, 1959b,1960a,1960b) quadruplet level framework of training evaluation. This model of evaluation has been the majority reviewed and practical guide to assessing the efficiency of training in the mature world of work since its beginning in 1959. In this research training and development, Kirkpatrick reviews the model and notes that small of the content has distorted. He still posits that the efficiency of training, and this paper propose teaching, is best assess at four increasingly difficult and precious levels. These are the response level, the learning level, the performance level, and the consequences level (Kirkpatrick, 1959a). The pass off of this research will define these levels how every can be used to assess the performance of gurus. consolidation Human Resource Strategy and Business Strategy A main way to attain plus is to recogn ize and address people-related issues in the usual course of managing the business and as part of the strategic provision procedure. Moreover, human resource issues commendable of management attention are as essential to the success of affair as marketing, operations, technology, monetary, or any other issues. Nowadays, almost all business issues have people implications all human resource issues have commerce implications. Furthermore, strategies, counting human resource strategies, may be more or less open, near- or long-term, general or exact, depending on the state of affairs. They give plans for actions that will gain under attack results under conditions of change. Richard Pascale has distinct plan as all the things essential for the winning mathematical operation of an association as an adaptive device. Strategies are effectual when significant commerce issues are headstrong or turn out to be less significant and are replaced by new hardworking issues. In this backgroun d, human resource strategies play a dangerous role in formative the magnate of a business to manage wanted change.No doubt, human resource staff and operating managers be supposed to work together as partners in defining and addressing commerce issues and their human resource insinuation. An probability for addition is

Conflict Between Research and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Conflict Between Research and Ethics - Essay ExampleThese be countered though by the Nuremberg Code, the Declaration of Helsinki and the acts of the American and other checkup exam associations.The world has been beset and assail by various viruses and ailments that up to now remedies and cures are not yet available despite medical exam examination interventions and researches. While scientists have yet to find a cure for cancer and AIDS, mutated and virulent strains of viruses have cropped up to claim numerous lives while helpless governing bodys watch in desperation as their citizens fall predate to these esoteric diseases. In 1918, Swine Flu made its ghastly entrance in Fort Riley, ground forces and like a shot worked to wipe out half a million people. It reappeared in Russia in 1933 and in 1976 went back to USA to annihilate more people. Medical researchers frenetically worked to find an immunization remedy for this and vaccinated by government edict, some 40 million Am ericans. But to their horror, a new strain of disease was generated as a side effect which caused serious neurological dis swans. This was named Guillain-Barre Syndrome and victimized 1098 people, 25 of whom died (Orr,2007,pp.21,23). Resulting to manifold lawsuits, this was one case where medical research floundered. Mean quantify, the swine flu made its presence felt again in Mexico in April 2009 and in a new mutated form which is called A(H1N1) and quickly spread to 30 countries infecting 12,515 people, 91 of which succumbed to death (Reuters, http//http//h1n1virus.us). In most of these cases, governments, in their desire to contain the disease, forcibly vaccinate those afflicted with the antiviral drug Tamiflu or Relenza which medical researchers had fetch up with to fight the mutated swine flu disease (Reuters, http//h1n1virus.us). Other virulent viruses that made medical researchers work against time to halt them before they bring down more people were the Asian Flu which orig inated in china in 1957 and killed some 70,000 Americans and 2 million people globally (Orr,2007,p.21) the Ebola Virus which internal and external haemorrhagic symptoms were truly frightening except which was contained only within Zaire and Sudan where it wiped out 400 people (Williams & Wilkins,2008,p.1010) the avian flu in 1997 SARS in 2003(Friedlander,2009,pp.111-7) and HIV/AIDS virus, first identified in 1981 but which up to now continues to rage and has already killed 2.1 million people while infecting 33.2 million people intercontinental (UNAIDS,WHO,2007). The Role of Modern Medical ResearchHereinabove, it is clear that medical research has to be maximized in order to save lives from all these virulent strains of viruses that threaten to wipe out humanity from the face of the earth. Only the efforts of medical researchers can save humanity from a life-threatening bleakness of the magnitude of bubonic plague which erstwhile wiped out of existence 1/3 of Europe or 25 mill ion people from 1346-50 alone. The pioneering efforts of medical researchers to discover drugs such as streptomycin, gentamicin, tetracyclines and chloramphenicol in order to put to stoppage the havoc of devastation inflicted by The Black Death all over the world from 542 to 1950, was

China - Literature Development, Confucianism and Revolutions Essay

China - Literature Development, Confucianism and Revolutions - Essay ExampleAdditionally, the essay discusses the philosophy of Confucius herein referred as Confucianism and how it has influenced the lives of the people of China in reality to date. Finally, the paper provides an in-depth analysis of the 1911 1949 revolution as the revolution with the great impact on China socially, economically and governmentally. A brief summary conclusion shall be provided that summarizes the thoughts in this essay. Redness or red as it were was a term utilise to refer to certain attitudes that were political and ideological. They were prescribed by the doctrine of Maoist. The expert on the other hand usually juxtaposed with the reds was employ to denote special skills or knowledge in science or technology. As such tensity existed surrounded by the two groups in the twentieth century in China with the two terms used in juxtaposition to one another (Schoppa, pg.112). Therefore redness had to do with the political and ideological attitudes go experts were intellectuals in this period. As such during the twentieth century, the two sides conflicted with beliefs that the two were mutually exclusive and could not be combined. Strauss, (578 -580) explains As the two sides differed in ideologies it became difficult for them to strike a balance between the two in China. Chinese literature was indeed very crucial for nation building having a very spirited traditional cultural legacy. Thus it specify Chinese nationalism. Therefore striking a balance between reds and experts became one great challenge for this nation. The nation then took to carry out education reforms from the 1950s forward and Chinese literature entangled with the nation building. As such the nations culture was defined by its literature. In the wake of a movement called the new culture, Kaozheng (reds) method came to be first provided. This was in 1917. Through this, a novel was written in vernacular focusi ng on canonizing the literature of Chinese.

Digital Tools That Increase Academic Success For The Adult Learner Research Paper

Digital Tools That Increase Academic Success For The pornographic Learner - Research Paper ExampleIn laymans terms, a digital tool can be defined as computer software, hardware or internet-based systems that control the schooling process. A study conducted by Power and Thomas (2007) aimed at investigating how the go for of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) affects instruction among teachers showed that laptops and hand-held computers enhanced their professional development. In this study, Power and Thomas (2007) asserts that the respondents reported that continued use of these tools improved readiness as they could study at a place and time of their convenience. These computers were fitted with other supporting tools that allowed them to take pictures to support their lessons, plan their lessons at home and subsequently transfer the course plans to school computers, and could also create audios for use in teaching (Power and Thomas, 2007). In this regard, digital tools enhance adult learning by dint of ensuring easier planning of learning activities.Facebook, as a digital tool is important in adult learning as learners today connect with friends through social sites such as facebook and Blogger. Sara, an adult 18 year old college scholar cited by Bhatt (2012) affirmed the use Facebook to communicate with her classmates on issues associated with her course. Other digitals tools she asserts to use for support in learning for discussing with friends and classmates include her Gmail account and Blogs (Bhatt, 2012). Facebook, as a digital tool can also be use to communicate directly with other learners particularly through video links and can therefore be beneficial for sharing ideas, conducting discussions, and sharing posts relating to course materials. By supporting discussions, digitals tools enhance adult learning through information sharing.Communications and discussions relating to course materials in social sites are made possible by t he internet. check to

Website Design for Interactive Environment Coursework - 1

Website Design for interactive Environment - Coursework ExampleIn its purest form, the 100% lively whatsis is an extension of the user not the early(a) way round, extension of the catch.Globally, mobile devices outnumber desktop computers 20-1. Given that, not every mobile device- in particular phones- has the functionality to access the internet, however the turnover frequency for mobile devices is higher than that of the desktop devices. Mobile devices have brought a revolutionary omnipresence and it is vital to understand the meaning of the term mobile web. There be cases that prognosticate for the inclusion of protocols and standards such as SMTP, SMS, and IM in the definition of this term but this report adapts Colbornes definition as the subset of HTTP content that has been optimized for and is accessible with a mobile device.Mobile web content is and then less detailed, making it lighter than desktop web, due to the technical limitations posed by the technology. When u sing a desktop workstation to access the web, we connect using Ethernet over a leased line that has a profuse infrastructure. If we opted to use Wi-Fi in place of the Ethernet, even on the same workstation at home, it comes with new complications into the equation.A mop up examination of the underlying technology that supports mobile web reveals the technical hurdles that a mobile device overcomes while connecting to the exact same data reservoir as the workstation or notebook PC. The mobile device connects over a less robust network whether its the faster and newer EDGE or G3 club or slower and older GPRS. Once the connection has been made, it must be held through a call transfer from multiple cell-towers as the user traverses the coverage connection matrix of a given carrier. This makes the mobile devices extremely limited in terms of available bandwidth.Screen size is the most obvious contrariety a computer and mobile device. For years, the minimum screen resolution designed has been increasing. Similarly,

Learn to think critically Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Learn to think critically - Es differentiate ExampleHow do you do that with step up carrying out this problem-options process again and againI would like to suggest a way to stop this render by turning an option into a step towards a goal or objective that of necessity to come about because of my action. What am I trying to accomplish by doing this versus that Once I clear that, all the rest falls into place.For example, in this exercise, how can I answer the question of which critical idea skill can I or should I develop more I can say one option for this problem is to stay up all night to get this paper dark in on time. Another answer is a goal, a condition or state of what it would be like that I want to have.That desired state might be something like this I forget always be prepared for the requirements of school. From this ideal, action steps (options) come, and may include for me to prioritize everyday challenges at school such that I can turn my work in on time and perha ps get better grades. The option of staying up all night for a one-page paper then is not optimal. It does not help me get to my goal or objective very well. Think of what it would mean for me. I have. Staying up late or working all night will deprive me of my beauty rest, some other important goal of mine.

America's Stone Age Explorers Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Americas Stone Age Explorers scoot - Essay ExampleConsequently, big-game hunters used this route to move between the two places. The theory asserts that people journeyed finished a corridor devoid of ice. The migration estimate is about 13,500 years ago. The theory further holds that the people who had migrated to America were detached after the melting of glaciers. This caused the disappearance of the land bridge. However, the discovery of enormous ice sheets covering the south in the times of Christopher Columbus flawed this long standing theory on population of America. It is interesting how fresh developments such as discovery of other Clovis point challenge the previously accepted Clovis theory. The developments include the revealing that the coastline supported life of plants and bearsThe Clovis point viewpoint is such an important aspect in exploration at that time. It is the discovery of these points dating venture to 16,000 B.C and the southern ice sheets that suggests that man could live as far back in time. This means that the populating of America could have happened earlier that it was thought. It is intriguing to navigate through these theories that strive to light upon the answer. This film gives us just the recommended captivating

Employment Law and Compliance Plan Essay Example for Free

Employment honor and Compliance Plan EssayA twood and Allen Consulting Bradley Stonefield Limousine divine swear out enlisting and Selection Strategies Recommendations Atwood and Allen Consulting Bradley Stonefield Limousine usefulness Recruitment and Selection Strategies Recommendations The Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company has been established to providetransportation to public. The first step is recruitment and pickax of likely fresh employees that pass on organize and man the business.The Human Resource Department must explore resources to aim right candidates. Recruitment and selection team must addressing the job responsibilities and scope of work of each new position. The catering work out is normally divided into recruitment phase and the selection phase. Recruitment is the searching and attracting of job seekers and the selection is the part job seekers ar chosen to get the offer to fill the vacant position.The Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company first step is planning human resource. Develop policies, system, procedure and goal setting and system of performance appraisal. Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company interviews should make water standard high society operating procedures and recruitment policies that translate care of the recruitment process. These policy, systems, procedures were prepared and approved by Bradley Stonefield. It leave be go overed yearly to ensure conformance to new laws and new business environment or requirement. The Human Resource will periodically review and assess the current and futurehuman resource requirements.The Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company formal recruitment process begins when Bradley Stonefield see or announce the start of the operation of his business.Look moregoogle recruiting process essayBradley Stonefield makes that decision because he will have to finance the whole endeavor or business. HR staff initiates the request and documentation. The r ecruitment request will be evaluated by Bradley Stonefield. He will take several factors in comity in making his evaluation together with his HR staff. Among the factors he will have to consider are postings, the requirements, the financial constraint, and so forth. Once he approved the recruitment process it will be a go to implement. The job explanation and person specification is to be prepared by HR staff in consultationwith Bradley Stonefield. These will convey the details of duties and responsibilities to be performed by the selected individual.The Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company will advertise the job opening in major media of mass circulation and community service bulletins. The Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company will shortlist candidates for interview. If the applicant meets all the essential criteria defined in the job description the next process is the interview phase. The Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company will conduct a two part inte rview sessions two sessions for drivers. First is the personality, background, skillset interview, which is the preliminary interview. This also includes the authentication of drivers authorize and drug test. Before the preliminary interview start, the candidates are required to fill application form. It will contain information such(prenominal) as the applicants personal biodata, job experiences, and reason for leaving front employment.Successful candidates in the first interview will be required to come back for the plunk for interview. Bradley Stonefield and HR staff will make decision who to hire. All candidates will be asked the same questions and will be presented the same situational scenario or event. All questions will be job related to determine the suitableness of the applicant to the position being filled out, whether that is a limousine driver or customer service receptionist The Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company policies will serve as a guideline and adm inister the company employment process. The hiring procedure ensures that the most qualified candidates is selected. Bradley Stonefield uses a rigorous recruitment and selection process, which complies to the equal chance policy.The Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company recruitment strategies in vital in finding top talent. The recruitment strategies that are implemented by Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company are as follows 1.) Recruiting through with(predicate) Internet. i of the advantages of using the internet is that it is easily accessible by anyone. 2.) Referrals. Recommended by friends, colleagues, acquaintances. 3.) Advertisements. Advertise job vacancies in the of newspapers large circulation. Again, it is extremely important that the selection process be evaluated regularly to verifyand confirm that the right applicants or employees have been selected or chosen. If Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company if the company has significant turnover in a devoted position, the process of recruitment and selection must be changed.People are a major parting of any business, and the management of people (or human resource management, HRM) is a major part of every motorbuss job. It is also the specialized responsibility of the HR department. HRM involves five major areas staffing, retention, development, adjustment, and managing change. Together they compose the HRM system, for they take in a network of interrelated components. The HRM function is responsible for maximizing productivity, quality of work life, and profits through better management of people. Hiring manager, like Bradley Stonefield, must focus on recruiting activities aimed at attracting the right candidates for the job. Based on the needs and forecasts for future needs, Bradley Stonefield will need to direct his efforts toward the best option for recruiting the right candidates. For instance, focusing on traditional newspaper advertisements is appropriate for driver positions with the Bradley Stonefield Limousine Service Company.Selecting the right candidate requires identifying the specific skills, companionship and qualities you seek and desire in a worker. This can pertain to the necessary skills and knowledge for the position itself, such as a specific degree or certification, and the desired personal qualities, such as a preference to hire employees with good moral and ethical standards. Other important parts of the selection process include conducting any necessary aptitude tests and conducting a thorough background check to ensure the employee meets the grassroots qualifications of both the position and the company.

Act Utilitarianism Essay Example for Free

correspond Utilitarianism establishI cerebrate torture is honorablely justifiable/permissible only with situations, in which you can take in charge the best possible outcome. In this particular situation with the bomber, I believe we should take the Utilitarian-Act Consequentialism approach and torture the bomber as an attempt to get him to reveal the location. Simply because, Act Consequentialism will focus to a greater extent on the boilers suit happiness that it will bring to all those involved. Seeing as how they have grasp the bomber, and interrogated him to no avail. It is the police commissioners only hope to confirm the publics faith in the system which should clearly be capable in do decisions that be ugly but necessary, for securing the rubber of others. I believe that Act Consequentialism allows for the attempt to torture both the bomber alongside his wife, if it leads to the discovery of the bomb. An excerpt in which describes my reasoning in the ruling th at Act Consequentialism will allows this nonion is Act Consequentialism holds that the good determines the right the only consideration germane(predicate) to the rightness of an act is the amount of goodness it produces.1 (McNaughton and Piers Rawlings pg32) from David McNaughton and Piers Rawlings essay on Deontology. Versus the Kantian and Rule Consequentialism of utilitarianism which would believe that this is morally wrong, despite of the lives that could be saved. Rule Consequentialism and Deontology are very similar in their beliefs. For example, this was said in regards to Rule Consequentialism In particular, rule consequentialism is likely to include constraints, options, and special obligations.There will, for example, be a sensibly simple rule against killing the innocent, since the adoption of a more complicated rule that allowed killing in pursuit of the good would be hard to follow. 2 (McNaughton and Piers Rawlings pg34) An example written in regards to Kantianism, the foundation of Deontology states the cerebration We are not morally bound by any alleged requirement unless it is backed by principles that we can recognize as what we ourselves, as a rational, self-governing persons, will for ourselves and others.3 (Kantianism pg237) Showing that the Kantian and Rule Utilitarianism, uses the same filter in most situations to determine the best action. The main idea at the core is still a form of the Golden Rule, do onto others as you want done unto you. For who would determine a moral law to torture humans? Therefore it is not morally permissible from a Kantian and Rule Utilitarian approach, because it is clearly immoral to torture community for any purpose. Therefore this belief will lead to the murdering of hundreds of innocent people.Thus leading to a very catastrophic situation not only for those involved, but as well as the world. Do we remember the effects of act of terrorism in a free country? Not to mention the main medium affected i n making this decision will be the police commissioner. Will he live in a aeonian state of what if if he doesnt act? Seeing as how he is the person who decides to make this call. This is the reason I feel the Act Consequentialism approach is necessary in this scenario.Just the sheer fact that these people are once again, innocent and have done no crime therefore should not have to languish because of the bomber decisions or point he may be proving. The Act Consequentialist may take into account, the overall possibility to effect more than just the hundred people, but the effect it would have on the suspire of the world (the universal outcome). Meaning we have to understand the consequences that this will have not only on the victims but also the rest of the world who witnesses these acts.This to me would morally be the right thing to do no matter of the Kantian approach. Simply because, this outcome may be more beneficial to people, thus promoting happiness and caoutchouc to mo re people. Although my solution will still give us fear in the name of terrorism it will however instill the belief in the protection police provide, not to mention their talent to make great choices, thus leading to a stronger and safer country. We can see an example of this in our birth society daily. For example, you have some military soldiers who have killed many people in the sake of good, in so far feel no guilt.Possibly because they are reminded of the overall benefit they provided to our nation, as well as the safety that they have provided which may not have been possible, if they enacted upon that situation differently. So this is the main reason why I believe torture would be morally justifiable in this situation to torture the bomber as well as the wife in a desperate attempt to save innocent people. clear because it could lead to the safety of more people and the security of a nation, in which we are all trussed in together.This still can be seen as a good outcome because of the attempts taken. Or purify yet assuming that this decision will actually work in the discovery of the bombs saving the people would still be a good outcome. However I can truly understand that the volatility of the situations outcome, is yet another motivation that would encourage a Kantian or Rule Consequentialist to stand its moral ground however, differing from my own ideas of this situation. Feeling, that something needs to be done, instead of watching such an injustice.

Spain’s Golden Age Essay Example for Free

Spains Golden Age EssaySpain was at its most glorious stately egress in the 17th Century, at the time when Miguel de Cervantes wrote his classic novel, Don Quixote. The country had established its colonies all everyplace the world, controlling Mexico, Peru, Cuba, the Americas, and even going as far as Asia, in the Philippines. Silver and gold poured in to catapult Spain in economic and policy-making splendor, making it the worlds superpower at that time.Historians cry this period the golden age of Spain. However, it was also during this glorious era that Spain had ruthlessly suffered its inevitable defeat, the most customary of which is the destruction of the Spanish armada in 1588, by English forces. Because of this, the country found itself in an atypical, conflicting period, a period wherein a new age was rising to the surface, a period wherein the country was suspended between grandeur and degradation.While the cause of Spains decline is debatable, unitary thing is his torically certain its kings were having impress with managing the vast territories, and numerous antagonistic events, like the plague in Castille that claimed many Spanish lives, contributed to the countrys saddening fate. Catholicism, Spains overabundant religion was also on the decline, spurring conflicts against other religions like Islam and Protestantism, stemming from the crusades in before history. These noteworthy historical occurrences are evident in Don Quixote, since the novel illustrates the highly diverse Spanish sociological and semipolitical experience at that time.However, it is Cervantes personal experience, sociological and political, that serves as the most potent beginning of the novel. It contains elements in parallel with the novelists own life for instance, the Algerian pirates appearing on the Spanish coast, the Moors cosmos exiled, the Spanish prisoners failing to escape are similar events in Cervantes own life. Spain The 17th Century exponent scalaw ag 04 The sociological and political structure of 17th Century Spain had a direct, powerful influence in the writing of Spains classic golden novel.The Romances Spains 17th Century Literary Tradition The dominant literary tradition in this golden age was the chivalric romances. Spains Arts and Humanities were lopsided with public writings of sawhorses upholding chivalry. The main characters of these stories and verses were knights who set out protecting and saving those who are weak, who go from one place to another to do good deeds. The romances contained melodramatic tones and exaggerated heroic feats that the emotions illustrated seemed to be too sentimental, and the events envisioned seemed to be too heroically impossible.The main character of the novel Don Quixote, was also a knight who set out to save people, but he was portrayed in a humorous light, and his adventures were compete out in such a ridiculous way that it was clear the novel is a parody, a mockery of the chiv alric romances so popular in Cervantes time. The novel, in this context, was a scathing commentary of the literary tradition of the romances. The upholding of chivalric ideals in the novel, however, produced another commentary on Spains 17th ascorbic acid literary tradition, this one being quite positive.Cervantes was careful not to assail the code of chivalry because he himself believed in it. The ideals may be communicated in a humorous manner, and through a humorous character, but the put across was quite evident the belief in chivalric ideals is never wrong. Don Quixote was a novel that educated its readers at the time when they most needed such an instruction. The decline of Spain was apparent, and yet its literati favored romantic literary works which subscribed to impossible feats and exaggerated Spains Golden Age Page 05 characters.The wide acceptance and phenomenal success of Don Quixote only proved that Spains literary market truly appreciated the paradise provided by Cervantes. Springboard for the Novel, Don Quixote The historical context and the literary culture of Spain in the 17th century served as major prompters for the writing of Don Quixote. We can clearly see that Miguel de Cervantes was greatly influenced by the sociological, political and literary conditions in his time that he incorporated and utilise these real-life elements in his novel.Cervantes relied on his social and political experience to produce a literary work that reverberates with sociological and political themes, themes which are in staring(a) consonance with his real-life setting. Spains dual condition of grandeur and degradation in his time prompted Cervantes to explore the themes of kind identity and morality, providing a commentary on the social mores. More importantly, the novel is rich with historical influences, of events that real happened in 17th century Spain.The literary culture of 17th century Spain, on the other hand, vie a key role in the writing of Don Quixote, for very obvious reasons. The chivalric romances popular at that time made the novel an interesting, radical read because it departs from its formula. The characters, Don Quixote and his loyal squire Sancho Panza, cost the chivalric ideals upheld by the romances, but they also destroy the image of the impossibly heroic knight by being humorous caricatures of chivalry. Moreover, their ridiculous adventures make a mockery of the exaggerated heroic feats portrayed in the romances.These influences are strongly pronounced in the text of Don Quixote thereby proving that Miguel de Cervantes was a writer who used his golden age experience to write a golden novel. Spains Golden Age Page 06 References Barrio, J. F. (2007). The golden century. Si, Spain. Retrieved November 17, 2007 from SiSpain. org. /http//www. sispain. org/english/language/golden. html/ Phillips, B. and Davidson, S. (2007). SparkNote on Don Quixote. Retrieved November 17, 2007 from cgi. sparknotes. com. /http// www. sparknotes. com/lit/donquixote/.

Current Topic in Ethics Essay Example for Free

Current Topic in Ethics actThe article speaks about a recent incident that took place in Brazil, which brought in to light the honourable and moral values of hu hu macrocosms. The story had a two sided move up the first one being from the church service of Brazil and the second one from the government side. The incident is regarding a step father raping her 9 social class old daughter. The girlfriend confessed that she was under a inner assault from her step father since the age of 6(Yahoo News, 2009). The humanity was also convicted of sexually abusing the girls 14 year old handicapped sister. Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re, conduce of the Catholic Churchs Congregation for Bishops said that the abortion carried out by the doctors under the close of the girls mother was totally wrong and the twins that the girl carried had a right to live. On the other hand President Luiz Ignacio Lula da Silva had other views on the matter. He said that jibe to the law of Brazil where a bortion is illegal and allowed only in facial expression where the health of the child baby carriage women is endanger the Bishop is totally wrong.The girl had actually been brought to the hospital after several stomach cramps and it was found that she is with child(predicate) and carrying twins. At the age of 9 doctors commented that it was impossible for the girl to bear the children and an abortion was the only viable election left. As the doctor involved in the abortion Rivaldo Albuquerque said that it was important for us to save the liveliness of the girl(Yahoo News,2009). Ethical Issues The article raised several respectable douses regarding human rights and social rights.Firstly the rape case as the man had committed was illegal and should be punished according to the government law of the country. secondly the expose of child abuse as an ethical issue is also being raised by this incident which is another offense of the law and needs to be punished. Third and the m ost important issue which has been raised by this incident are of abortion which according to the law of Brazil is illegal. The fourth issue has been raised to contradict the third one which is another face of the same law of abortion which is banned.miscarriage is only allowed in case the health of the child bearing women is endangered. The fifth ethical issue is the sexual assault of the other handicapped girl sister of the girl which was actually sexually assaulted. All these ethical issues have come forward due to this incident and need to be taken care of by the Brazilian government. Ethical Theories There are many ethical theories and fields of ethics that are make but only some that are relevant would be applied to this case. We will consider all(prenominal) theory one by one and apply it on the case to deduct a resoluteness. Grecian PhilosophySocrates emphasized that a person to be ethically correct needs to realize the grandness of human life and existence. A person wo uld act rightly and correctly if he or she is self aware and knows the importance of life. Bad deeds or evil deeds are a result of ignorance and if the person knows the consequences of doing wrong he or she would never commit that act (MacKinnon, 2008). According to the theory of Socrates the man who committed the assault was unaware of the consequences of the act to be specific he thought that he would get off away with his actions but only the pregnancy of the girl brought up the matter.The case of abortion according to this classic philosophy is a bit controversial as the importance of human life needs to be considered and in this case whether to save the girl or the twins she was carrying was a determination to be made. prescriptive Ethics This field of ethics focuses on the rightness and wrongness of actions to judge whether they are ethical or not. The theory says that actions were mainly judged by the intentions of a person as in whether they are right or wrong (Kagan, 199 7).According to this theory the man in the case is found guilty of committing a abomination and should be punished accordingly as his intention was truly wrong and hence his actions also perform wrong. Then the abortion of the child was also morally ethical as the life of the girl was endangered by her pregnancy, hence according to this theory the decision of abortion is also ethically correct. Meta Ethics This approach of ethics is a bit different from other approaches as it looks at the reasons for the truth and decides up on the validity of the reasons as to whether the actions that led to the truth were ethical or non ethical (Miller, 2003).According to this theory the actions of the man were totally unethical as the man had committed an immoral act, which is the truth. The reason for this act was his uncontrollable desires, which were unethical. blandbirth was performed because it was the only option through which the girl could be saved. The reason for the abortion was the fact that the doctors had to save the life of the girl and could take no risks, hence the act of abortion was morally ethical. Descriptive EthicsThis is a newer field of ethics than normative ethics and focuses on the choices that were available to the person and the one he or she picked according to that his or her actions are judged to be ethical or not. According to this theory the man is still found to be guilty and should be punished as the choices he made were ethically incorrect and on the other hand the abortion done by the doctors was also morally ethical as they had limited choices and needed to save the girl. The doctors agreed on the fact that the girl who was only 9 age old could not carry the burden of pregnancy and hence had to be saved through abortion. goal During this paper we looked up on different theories and fields of ethics. These fields and theories were applied on the case and the conclusion of whether this ethical issue were correctly dealt or not was f ocused. The conclusion is not merely my own decision but the result of applying the ethical theories on the case. These theories when applied clearly highlight the fact that the man should be punished according to the law of Brazil and the decision of abortion made by the mother of the girl and carried out by the doctors was a correct one in the circumstances that were presented.References Kagan S. (1997) Normative Ethics, Westview Press. MacKinnon B. (2008) Ethics opening and Contemporary Issues. Wadsworth Publishing. Miller A. (2003) An Introduction to Contemporary Metaethics, Polity. Yahoo News (March 8, 2009). Vatican defends Brazil excommunication. Retrived on March 10, 2009 from http//au. news. yahoo. com/a/-/world/5375029/vatican-defends-brazil-excommunication/

Joseph the Favorite Son Essay Example for Free

Joseph the Favorite Son EssayAbstract The accounting of Joseph is unitary of the classic stories which portrayed sibling rivalry that was provide by envy. Josephs story can be ensnare in in the book of Genesis, the same biblical book where the story of Cain and Abel can be found an opposite story that portrayed sibling rivalry. At the beginning of the story, it was pretty obvious that Joseph was loved by his generate, Jacob, so ofttimes that he was given high regard over his other brothers upon which ten were quondam(a) than him. When they fin ally finish offed the boiling point, they originally plotted to kill Joseph but later decided to just denounce him to a passing Ishmaelite merchant.He was sold to the Pharaoh of Egypt who decided to make him the Pharaohs per give-and-takeal servant. This is where he was capable to practice and utilize his gift from deity, which was r nullifyering imagines. Joseph, the Favorite Son Joseph was the eleventh of twelfth sons of Jaco b, who was regarded in the volume as Israel objet dart his sons were the twelve tribes of Israel. One day, Joseph had a dream about eleven stars, the sun, and the moon bandy before him (Genesis 379 Revised cadence Version). This is when his father, Jacob, realized that Joseph was cheery by immortal.Ever since erudition about that fact, he became overprotective of Joseph, as he knew that his other sons go away try to harm him if Joseph told them his dreams and its encounterations. Joseph became his favored son, and because of this, his other sons grew jealous of Joseph. They started to despise him, and plotted to kill himexcept for the eldest among the brothers, Reuben. Jealousy and envy has caused preliminary sibling rivalry stories in the book of genesisan example would be the story of Cain and Abel.How of all time, one cannot commove the antagonists for world jealous for there is always a favor or favoritism factor in some of these stories including the story of Josep h the dreamer. It is safe to assume that out of favoritism comes jealousy, and indeed from jealousy comes rivalry. The Genesis gain A lot of chemical groups from the book of Genesis tend to repeat themselves in the books thematic divisionsCreation and post-creation ( transport and Eve, with addition of Cain and Abel), Patriarch Saga (Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob), and The Story of Joseph the dreamer. There is bound to be stand similarities between stories that give out to each thematic division.In the story of Joseph, the foundations that can be identified are (1) Faith (exists in Abraham), (2) blood relation Rivalry (exists in Cain and Abel), (3) Covenant (exists in all stories of the Genesis), (4) Fall and Restoration (exists in Adam and Eve), and (5) Destiny (exists in Abraham). Faith is one of the most recurring themes in the Old Testament as healthy as in some parts of the New Testament. It starts from the creation story wherein matinee idol entrusted promised land to Ad am and Eve. Faith was excessively introduce at the story of Abraham, whom he acted on a leap-of-faith, give himself to sacrifice his son, Isaac, for God although, it did not push through.Like in the two stories, Faith is also present here in the story of Joseph. However, Faith here whitethorn maintain been slightly different as it was faithfulness of Joseph towards IsraelJacob. He was a tattle tale and Joseph brought an ill report of them to their father (Genesis 372). indeed through Josephs faithfulness, it earned him the title of Jacobs favorite son. However, this did not bode hygienic with his brothers, as it intensified their jealousy and hatred towards him. Sibling Rivalry was always bound to happen. The theme of Sibling Rivalry has existed since the story of Cain and Abel.It proliferated to other succeeding stories, including the story of Joseph. One problem of Joseph that prompted his brothers to despise him was his arrogance. Other than him being the favorite son of J acob, he did show arrogance in some parts of the story while sharing his dreams to his brothers He said to them, Hear this dream which I have dreamed behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and lo, my sheaf arose and stood upright and behold, your sheaves gathered round it, and bowed down to my sheaf (Genesis 366-7). Who would not be mad after hearing that?This prompted them to hate him even more with his dreams and how he interprets the dreams. However, Josephs gift of reading dreams was considered as a blessing from God. Through this, a covenant between God and Joseph was executed. The Covenant theme has always recurred end-to-end the bible. After all, it is a holy agreement between God and an individual unremarkably men in the Old Testament. Like in all stories before Josephs, a covenant was probable to be formed through the blessings that the individual will receive. It may have been like a one-time(prenominal) version of the terms of agreement.Josephs gift frightened and angered his brothers, as they sold him to an Ishmaelite merchant quite of killing himas Reuben suggested. The Ishmaelite hence sold Joseph to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, who made him his individualised servant. Joseph was not amply aware that he and God had a covenant ever since he received the gift of interpreting dreams. Even so, he was constantly blessed by God as he prospered and became successful. Then Potiphars wife kept tempting himfamiliar with the creation storyto lie with her in bed have sex with her. However, he always refused.This prompted her to accuse him of trying to sleep with her and was impel into prison. Then he was continuously blessed by God while he was imprisoned But the Lord was with Joseph and showed him steadfast love, and gave him party favour in the sight of the keeper of the prison (Genesis 3921). These favors made Joseph realize the covenant that bounded him with God. The hit and redress of Joseph may have occurred during his days in Egypt. The theme of fall and restoration is a theme that greatly comprises the tragedy that occurs to a person and a periodic rise right after.For example, the fall and restoration that occurred in the story of Adam and Even was the temptation up to the point wherein God banished them. Although not much restoration happened, God decided to just banish them out of Eden and start their own life, instead of decimating them. In the story of Joseph, the fall and restoration occurred in two phases (1) When he was thrown at the tag and sold which later on prospered in Egypt, and (2) The accusation of Potiphars wife and his interpretation of the Pharaohs dream which earned him an important government position.Upon the realization of the covenant, the second phase took place. The full restoration took place while he became the overseer that handles food distribution and storage. As his brothers went to Egypt to buy grain during the seven years of famine, he saw them and commanded them to r eturn and fetch gum benjamin, the brother closest to Joseph, with them on their way back to Egypt. After which, Benjamin was able to identify him and soon their family was reunited.This was the full restoration that occurred after the start of the first phase and the end of the second phase. It may have been destiny that brought them together erstwhile again. Destiny is a strong term that has always been present in the Bible. It was Gods will towards a person, e specially those whom He has chosen to lead for example, like Abraham. Combining the other four themes would generate the destiny that God assigned to Joseph ever since blessing him with the gift of dream interpretation.His destiny may have been played out in this bearing He was given the gift of dream interpretationthe father admires his faithfulness to him and discovers his skill, warning him not to ordain his brothers about itJoseph told his brothers about a dream that intensified their jealousy and hatred towards hi mmost of them plotted to remove him, sold him instead to a merchanthe became Potiphars servant, who later became his prisoner after being framedbutler and baker made him interpret their dreams, wherein the butler promised that he will be rememberedPharaoh had a nightmare that he wanted to interpret, so he sent for Joseph and had it interpreted (after the butler recommended him to the Pharaoh)Joseph interpreted it accurately and was assigned as the overseer of food distribution and storageWith this position, it gave him an probability to reunite with his family after vanish for so longthen the Hebrews were offered a land in Egypt wherein they moved there from Canaan, delivering them from famine (Genesis 37-47). In this process, the four Genesis themes of Josephs story were combined to form and somewhat correlate with the last theme which was Destiny. It was by Gods will that his destiny was formed right from the start. Joseph the son, dreamer, servant, prisoner, interpreter, and o fficial Joseph was the eleventh son of Jacob, and he was the most favored among all of his brothers. It was mentioned that he was at age seventeen when he started experiencing these dreams that were believed to be visions of the future. For his father, this was a blessing by God which earned him more favor over his brothers.Other than that, Joseph was stanch to Jacob who was Israelas the story would mention. His allegiantty earned him a rightful place and won his fathers favor. He was equally loyal to God as the blessed gift of dream interpretation tied(p) them together. However, he had a minor flaw when he was at age seventeen. He was a subprogram arrogant, although he was unaware of it. It may have been possible that he was sharing his dream (Genesis 366-7) to his brothers which he should not have, in the process disobeying their father as he was warned not to tell them any of his dreams nor his special talent. For his brothers, they found the context of the dream as an act of arrogance since it interpreted that they should bow to him.This further fue conduct their hatred towards Joseph. As he was the eleventh son, it was disrespectful to mention such a thing towards the older brothers. His father loved and favored him but his brothers despised him, that they plotted to kill him but with Reubens intervention, he was sold to an Ishmaelite trader instead. When Joseph became the servant of Potiphar, he expressed the same kind of loyalty that he had towards his father although, it may have also been because of the fact that he was loyal to God as easy. Being God-blessed and loyal earned him Potiphars favor and made him the overseer of the house who was in-charge of all over that Potiphar had (Genesis 394).With all of these blessing come an unfortunate scope Potiphars seduction or temptation of Joseph. It was a campaign that Joseph successfully passed. However, he was framed by the wife and was put in prison. Another twist occurred when God blessed him wh ile he was imprisoned (Genesis 3921). His prison sentence led him to another circumstance upon which was favorable to him. The chief butler and chief baker of the Pharaoh were thrown in prison as well after disappointing the Pharaoh. This was where he was given the opportunity to interpret the dreams of others, when both the butler and the baker had dreamswhich were in all likelihood visions of the future.Both ended up looking troubled the next day, hence prompting Joseph to help So he asked Pharaohs officers who were with him in custody in his masters house, Why are your faces downhearted today? (Genesis 407). In the quaint world, dreams usually need interpretation as they would convey meanings that may hold great importance to the persons life. The two had Joseph interpret their dreams, both of which came true. As the Pharaoh experienced a vision of his own in his dream, he asked his magicians and top officials to interpret it for him. None of them could not interpret the dre am accurately until the butler remembered Joseph and recommended him. Joseph was then called by the Pharaoh whom accurately interpreted the dreams.Impressed by the truth of Josephs interpretation, he assigned him as the overseer of the countrythat handled resource distribution, especially food since it will be affected by the famine. Joseph, as usual, showed loyalty to his master and managed the resource distribution accordingly. Reading the story, Joseph had his ups and downs throughout this phase of his life. Josephs character developed, evolving and adapting, through these ups and downs until he was able to rise up. Joseph started out as a boy but ended up being a man upon which a country depended on. Adding to his personal traits, it could be said that he was forgiving as he did not exact revenge upon the brothers who ill-use him. Blessings and MisfortunesIt could be said that a lot of blessings and unfortunate things can happen to one person. Joseph experienced his allocate of blessings and misfortunes throughout the story apparently there were more blessings for God was always with him. The first one among the serial publication of blessings and misfortunes would be a blessing wherein he was blessed with the gift of dream interpretation. It was also evidence of Gods presence in him or with him. This blessing would be immensely important for him, his family, and Egypt later on. For now, it led to his second fortune which was earning his fathers favor and guaranteed his safety through the protection of his father.He became Jacobs favorite because of his loyalty and blessed skill. However, this led to the first unfortunate event that sent him on a rollercoaster ride. His brothers despised him greatly and plotted to kill him although ended up selling him instead. He was brought away to a far land, away from his family. Then as God continued to bless him, he experienced his triplet blessing which was being the Potiphars overseer of the house. His loyalty was noticed by Potiphar who gave him the position. All Joseph wanted in supersede for his service was food. Unfortunately, things did not last as he was framed by Potiphars wifebecause he refused to sleep with her.He was thrown into prison, which was the second misfortune he experienced. However, since God remained with him, he was blessed yet again, giving him favor from the prison keeper who attended to his care and all of the prisoners. Then an opportunity to exercise his blessed skill arrived when two of the Pharaohs officials were thrown in the same prison. Lucky smiled upon him once again, giving him an opportunity to get out of prison. The rest of the events that followed were all blessings that were guised under different forms and circumstances. This proves that his relationship with God is an impregnable bond. After all, he was in covenant with God. Josephs Covenant with GodJosephs skills was put in good use, in favor of Gods plan for him and his peoplehis family and othe r Hebrews. As Joseph remained faithful and loving to God, God remained upon Josephs side, blessed him whichever place he ends up in and protected him from eviltemptation and harm throughout the story. It was as though they were bounded as one. However, he was also considered as a tool to deliver Gods plan to the Hebrewswho descended from Abraham and Isaac. This was probably an equivalent exchange for the blessings God has given Joseph. It was like his relationship with his father Jacob, although much stronger. A Unified Mood, Character, and theme The story encompasses a fluctuating mood that shifts from happiness to tragedy and back.It seems that the mood is dictated by the flow of events throughout the story, the themes that it entails, and the development of the characterseven the minor ones experience development. Each factor correlates with each other, as if dictating each other within certain situations. An instance wherein the three were unified was the time when Joseph divid ed up his dreams (Genesis 376-11) with his brothers, as well as his father. The way he delivered the dream and the dreams outcome itself infuriated the brothers, who were already wishful of him being their fathers favorite. This signified that they had enough of Joseph who seemed to have bossed them around.His brothers developed a more rage spite towards Joseph which later on was seen as he was beaten and thrown in a well, then sold to a trader. Jacob also had a negative reaction to Josephs story as it prompted him to dun his son, but later on warns him of his brothers intentions. As seen in this situation, the dream caused the theme of sibling rivalry to reach its breaking point, as the brothers plotted to dispose of Joseph. They were able to develop into a character that could not contribute the favoritism of their father towards Joseph anymore. The mood of this scene turned sour, as jealousy and anger filled the relationship between Joseph and his brothers.His father also exp erienced a change in character as he became more overprotective of Joseph, scolding him for telling his dreams to his brothers. The mood shifted from an anger to care, in a heartbeat. From the example, the correlation between Theme, Mood, and Character can be seen. It may as well be possible that opposing elements would create unity between the theme, mood, and character. Take the prison scene for example. He was not distraught when he was thrown in prison for God was there to help him. He believed in God whom he shared a covenant with. The prison keeper showed favor towards himnot the typical prison keeper of the ancient times.In prison, he was also given an opportunity to show his blessed skill to two of the Pharaohs officials, upon which one died. The setting clearly opposed the mood and the characterprisoners usually degrade in prison. It then enabled the unification of the two with the theme of faith, as Joseph never showed any sign of subjecting to his status. The story of Jos eph was probably meant to be a lesson that taught its readers to always remain faithful to God, for He will bless those who are. That may be the message that this story wishes to convey to its readers. For every fall, a periodic rise will follow. References The Holy Bible, Revised Standard Version, Catholic Edition. (1966). London Thomas Nelson Sons Ltd, for Incorporated Catholic Truth Society.

The Reluctant Security Guard Essay Example for Free

The loth Security Guard EssaySummary of the Facts David tuff is a security guard of Blue Mountain. As a security guard, he is required by law to report to the police all told somber accidents and crimes, including felonies, occurring within the premises wherein which he is detailed. However, Blue Mountain created a in the raw come with constitution social club the security guards to vindicatory escort intoxicated persons, including drunk drivers, from the parking lots onto the public road. The high society policy prohibited the security guards from reporting such incidents to the police. Tuff complained against this new gild policy. He says this is contrary to the feller he swore to uphold as required by law. Thus, contrary to another company policy, he revealed to the media this new policy which seemed wrong to him. The result was public disgust against Blue Mountain. Because of this, Tuff was fired.Propriety of Tuffs Action As a matter of right, Tuff had every right to speak what he declare to the media. His right springs from the constitutional guarantee to freedom of speech. This means that his right to speak is not just somewhat ordinary right granted by some law. It is one which is inherent in every humankind from the moment he is born and is protected by the constitution. However, when he signed up with Blue Mountain, he agreed not to disclose anything to the media as reflected by company policy. In a sense, he waived a portion of his right to freedom of speech in order to be employed. This is a valid waiver. Since Tuff profaned company policy, he violated an agreement he voluntarily entered into. Thus, his act of revealing company policies to the media is, in the final analysis, inappropriate.What he should hire done? If I were Tuff, I would have not been so rash as to incite public outcry against my employer. To my mind, such a course of action violates the rules of funfair play. In fact, it is a violation of a company policy whic h I agreed to as a requirement for my employment. There are three things to consider the law, the company policies and my employment contract. Since it is hard to harmonize all three in determining a proper course of action, the right thing to do is to have gone to a lawyer who impart discuss to me my options. A lawyer could tell me how to proceed without violating the law, the company policies, or my employment contract, or at least, in case I should violate one, I will still make a better informed decision.Propriety of Firing Tuff Tuff violated company policy. In fact, his violation can be considered as serious misconduct because he did it with utter disregard of specific orders not to talk to the media. His first infraction was forgiven by management. Yet after that, he made the same violation. This serious misconduct makes his termination justified.Alternative to Termination The termination of Tuff is not the only remedy available to Blue Mountain. From a certain perspective, s uch act is too boisterous for after all, he was just exercising his right to free speech on what he sees to be wrong. Moreover, the new company policy is contradictory to what the law requires of him. Under the cognitive dissonance theory, he was just having a hard time harmonizing the dissonance. Management should have at least tried to see it this way. Surely, the company would hate to make a company policy which makes its employees violate the law. Hence, it should have first sat scratch off with Tuff, which it did not do in this case, to discuss a firmness of purpose for Tuffs dilemma. They should have sought-after(a) to employ one of the many alternative dispute resolution methods. A compromise would have been reached. This solution is quiet and amicable and makes everybody happy. Sensationalizing the issue by going to the media or to the court, for that matter, just worsens the situation and makes everybody edgy, including those not involved, devising a compromise harder t o reach.

Scope of Practice for Regisers Nurses Essay Example for Free

Scope of Practice for Regisers Nurses seeThe Regulation states that registrants of CRNBC may practise nursing. Nursing is defined as the health profession in which a person provides the following services Health care for promoting, maintaining and restoring health Prevention, treatment and palliation of illness and injury, generally by assessing health status, planning and implementing interventions, and coordinating health services This definition does not refer to evaluation, exclusively neither does it exclude it. Evaluation is, of course, an important cleave of nursing practice.The Regulation does not refer to education, disposal and research in the scope of practice statement for nurses or any other health professionals in B. C. However, CRNBCs Professional Standards make it clear that clinical practice, education, administration and research are all considered part of the practice of registered nursing. College of Registered Nurses of British Columbia 5 Scope of Pra ctice

McGregor’s Theory X and Y Essay Example for Free

McGregors speculation X and Y EssayThe foundation of McGregors speculation has direct links to Taylors study of scientific precaution a study of scientific management as a link between man creations and their c on the wholeings which in turn need to be re-constructed to tap efficiency (Waddell et al. 2007, p. 43). Many searchers and scholars drop developed theories based on the doing at of F.W. Taylor. McGregor, Maslow and others who assisted to improve the escort of human relation tried to prove that there is another side to the traditional perspective of workers (Bartol and Martin 1998, p. 52).This literary productions re thought will be focusing on the evolution of McGregors possible action X and possibility Y in relation to the development of management theory. Moreover will be explaining the definition of X and Y theory and its relevance to 21st century.McGregor proposed two contrasting sets of managerial assumptions about the workers. He boost examined takin g Taylors traditional view of workers and Mayos human relation approach into consideration, which he labelled Taylors view as possibleness X and as Mayos view as Theory Y (Montana and Charnov 2000, p. 25). (Stephen P.Robbins) However, both these theories have the common definition of functions of manager management is creditworthy for organising the elements of productive enterprise- money, materials, equipment, and tribe- in the best interest of economic ends. Main differences in these two theories argon the assumptions (Urwick 1970, p .1). McGregor with his experience as a manager and as a psychologist, observed the deportment and attitude of the workers (Daft.2003, p. 47). tally to Kopelman, Prottas and Davis (2008, p 1) Theory X represents that workers generally dis same work, are irresponsible, are lethargic and require reason out supervision. In contrast, Theory Y denotes that individuals are generally creative, innovative, accept responsibility and believe work is a na tural activity.Furtherto a greater extent, his observations on the classical and the behavioural approaches to understanding workers were found different. He paired up his theories to the work of Abraham Maslow, where he compared the higher needs put forward by Abraham Maslow such as self-actualization, to a Theory Y leaders style, and lower needs such as physiological and safety, to the Theory X leadership style (Bartol and Martin 1998, p. 51). Theory X is appertainred to as optimistic and Theory Y as pessimistic (Montana and Charnov 2000, p 26), others labeled Theory X as negative and Theory Y as positive (Robbins et al.1998, p 202) and according Schein (1970, p.5) McGregor called Theory X as hard approach and Theory Y as tardily approach. fit to McGregor (1960, p. 33-35), the assumptions of Theory X are that individuals by nature do not like to work and will avoid it if possible. Further more than, human beings do not want responsibility and desire punctilious guidance.Additi onally, the workers put their own concerns above that of the administration and by nature they are resistant to changes. Finally, human beings are taken for granted to be easily manipulated and controlled. concord to Boddy and Paton (1998, p. 201) it is of practice with Theory X philosophy to intromit time registration, supervision, quality checked by a superior as assigned in job description. The of import focus of Theory X is that of external control, by systems, procedures or supervision. They believed that managers who accepted Theory X view would be inconsiderate in accepting aptitude of a normal human being (Boddy and Paton 1998, p. 200). Managers who assign to Theory X are expected to practice authoritarian style (Lewis, Goodman and Fandt 1998, p. 56). By contrast, Theory Y has assumptions which is completely opposite of Theory X. As per Theory Y, work is natural, and tries to occupy them actively and have it away too.Furthermore, workers do not require detailed supervis ion and they are self-motivated. Additionally, it assumes that they work innovatively and creatively. If people are attached a chance to prove their competency they are ambitious to solve problems and help their organizations meet their goals (McGregor 1960, p. 47-48). Managers who obligate the belief in Theory Y are likely to exercise a participatory style, discussing with their helper voicing their opinion, and encouraging them to take part in decision making (Lewis, Goodman and Fandt 1998, p. 56). Managements main aim is to structure a proper working environment in order to achieve their higher-order ain goals by achieving organizational objectives (Bloisi, Cook and Hunsaker 2007, p. 205).The organizations of 21st century are in a more impulsive world where technology, education and research and better economic conditions are vastly improving. It becomes gradually more all important(predicate) for managers to hold the set of assumptions about human behaviour that McGregor h as proposed in his Theory If an individual holds Theory X assumptions then he will not be logical and responsive to data, therefore, will have limited choice of managerial style. In regard to Theory Y, he can wisely choose from sorting of options (Schein 1975, p. 7). Having worked for 15 years in many types of organization, Schein (1975, p. 3) believes that organizations need more Theory Y managers at all levels especially at higher levels. However, few companies still practice Theory X management (Daft 2003, p.48), scarce many are applying Theory Y concept of management such as Hewllet Packard (Waddell et al. 2007, p. 56) and SOL alter service, and it has proved to be a success.They consider everyone equal and value each employees contribution (Daft 2003, p.48). According to Kochan, Orlikowski and Gershenfeld (2002, p.4) assumptions characterizing twentieth century refers to Theory X and twenty first century organizations characteristics refer to Theory Y were explained using p eople, work, technology leadership and goals. Many organizations have realised the importance of the human capital and are currently try to adopt to change themselves as they recognize. McGregor argued that modern organizations do not take into account the innovativeness of workers. In order to utilize these valuable assets, managers need to tender employees to use their expertise. Thus, provide and create conditions that integrate individual and organisational goals (Boddy and Paton 1998, p. 200-201). McGregor believed that people in twenty first century are more educated and affluent and they are more self controlled (Hersey, Blanchard and Johnson 2001, p. 60).Hence, most of the modern organisations strongly practices management by delegating authority, job enlargement, making work more interesting, with increased level of responsibilities and their share of information and innovations regarding the work content, work design and results (Montana and Charnov 2000, p. 25). Finally, in order to measure the performance of the individual, the organisations have appraisal system which evaluates their performances yearly or semi-annually. For example, companies such as General Mills, Ansul Chemicals, and General Electric have been experimenting with performance appraisal approaches (Ott, Parkes and Simpson 2003, p. 168).These managerial propositions are associated best with the Theory Y management style. According Lorshe and Morse (cited in David and Robert 2000, p. 202) in their research of four companies and concluded that successful company in the normal business used a self-consistent Theory X style and the other in the creative business used theory Y .These theories may be applicable to some organizations and to some cultures. In article, peoples Republic of China, being a communistic country has practiced Theory X in the past and has adopted to practice Theory Y style with a productive result (Oh 1976, p. 1).In summary, Theory X and Theory Y have signific ant impact on modern management styles. The assumptions of these two theories hold the extreme ends and McGregor assumed that peoples behaviour is strongly influenced by their beliefs. His theories have been labelled relating to Taylor and Mayos work. As in my opinion there is no one best theory which may fit all organizations. However, more in depth research need to be undertaken to identify and prove which theory does best fits. According to Boddy and Paton (1998, p. 202) many argue that both these theories may be inappropriate in some situations. Theory Y is a theory of human motivation, not a theory of how to manage or run an organization (Schein 1975, p. 1).ReferencesWaddell, D, Devine, J, Jones, GR George, JM 2007, Contemporary Management, McGraw-Hill Irwin, North Ryde.Bartol, KM Martin, DC, Management, 3rd edn, McGraw-Hill Co, Boston Montana, P Charnov, B 2000, Barrons Management, 3rd edn, Hauppauge, N.Y Daft, RL 2000, Management, sixth edn, Thomson learning, OhioRobbins, SP, Millett, B, Cacioppe, R Marsh TW 1998, constitutional behaviour Learning and managing in Australia and New Zealand, 2nd edn, Prentice Hall, Sydney McGregor, D 1960, The human side of enterprise, McGraw-Hill book company, New York Boddy, D Paton, R 1998, Management an introduction, Prentice Hall Europe, capital of the United Kingdom Lewis, PS, Goodman, SH Fandt, PM 1998, Management Challenges in the 21st century, 2nd edn, South-Western College Pub, Cincinnati Bloisi, W, Cook, CW Hunsaker, PL 2007, Management and organisational behaviour, 2nd edn, McGraw-Hill, Berkshire Hersey, P, Blanchard, KH Johnson, DE 2001, Management andorganizational behaviour leading human resources, 8th edn, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River Kopelman, RE, Prottas, DJ Davis, AL 2008, Douglas McGregors Theory X and Y toward a constructvalid measure, Journal of Managerial Issues, vol. 20, no. 2, 255271, retrieved twenty-second March 2011, Ebsco hostOtt, JS, Parkes, SJ Simpson RB 2003, Classical rea ding in organizational behaviour, 3rd edn, Thomson/Wadsworth, Belmont Schein, EH 1975, In self-abnegation of Theory Y, Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 4, Issue 1, p17-30, retrieved 22nd March 2011, Ebsco Host Oh, TK 1976, Theory Y in Peoples Republic of China, California Management Review, Vol. 19, Issue 2, p77-84, retrieved 22nd March 2011, Ebsco Host Urwick, LF 1970, Theory Z, SAM Advanced Management Journal, Vol. 35, Issue 1, p14, retrieved 28th March 2011, Ebsco Host Kochan, T, Orlikowski,W Gershenfeld JC 2002, beyond McGregors Theory YHuman Capital and Knowledge-Based Work in the 21st Century Organization, retrieved 24th March 2011, http//mitsloan.mit.edu/50th/pdf/beyondtheorypaper.pdf

Major Schools of Thought in Psychology Essay Example for Free

study Schools of Thought in Psychology EssayWhen psychology was introductory established as a skill separate from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first prepare of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Al almost immediately, other theories began to emerge and vie for ascendancy in psychology. The following are some of the major schools of thought that have influenced our knowledge and understanding of psychologyStructuralism vs. Functionalism1) Structuralism was the first school of psychology, and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Major structuralist thinkers include Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchner.2) Functionalism formed as a reaction to the theories of the structuralist school of thought and was firmly influenced by the work of William James. This school focused on the functions of human behaviors and not their structure. Major functionalist thinkers included magic Dewey and Harvey Carr. Evolutionary psychology is founded on the view that the function of all psychological phenomena in human phylogeny is a necessary perspective to their understanding.Gestalt Psychology3) Gestalt psychology is based upon the idea that we experience things as matching unscatheds. This lift to psychology began in Germany and Austria during the late 19th century in response to the molecular approach of structuralism. Rather that breaking down thoughts and behavior to their smallest element, the gestalt psychologists believed that you must look at the whole of experience. According to the gestalt thinkers, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Max Wertheimer is often credited as the founder of this movement.PsychoanalysisSigmund Freud was the found of 4) Psychodynamic approach. This school of thought emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior. Freud believed that th e human mind was composed of three elements the id, the ego, and the superego. early(a) major psychodynamic thinkers include Anna Freud, Carl Jung, and Erik Erikson.Behaviorism5) Behaviorism became the dominant school of thought during the 1950s. Based upon the work of thinkers such as John Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner, behaviorism holds that all behavior can be explained by environmental causes, rather than by internal forces. Behaviorism is focused on observable behavior. Theories of learning including classical conditioning and operant conditioning were the focus of a great deal of research.Humanistic Psychology6) Humanistic psychology create as a response to psychoanalysis and behaviorism. Humanistic psychology instead focused on item-by-item free will, personal growth, and self-actualization. Major humanist thinkers included Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.Cognitive Psychology7) Cognitive psychology is the divide of psychology that studies mental processes includ ing how people think, perceive, problem solve, remember, and learn. As part of the larger field of cognitive science, this weapon system of psychology is related to other disciplines including neuroscience, philosophy, and linguistics. One of the most influential theories from this school of thought was the stages of cognitive culture theory proposed by Jean Piaget. Later work in this field was pioneered by names bid Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck.