Politics of the Middle East - Final Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Politics of the Middle East - Final Exam - Essay ExampleThere is the observance of the Five Pillars of Islam including Observation of the Holy month of Ramadhan, the braggy of alms, prayer, five times a day, the belief in Allah, and Mohammad as his Messenger, and the pilgrimage to Mecca. Both the majority Sunni, and the minority Shia, be in agreements as to the above Muslim essentials, hence a unique way of life is espoused through clothing code, gender socialization, the adherence to the above Five pillars amongst others. Fundamentally so is the Kingdoms guidance through the Hanbali School of jurisprudence (Fiqh) that being present in existent pre- recent texts provides principals that are rooted in the literal interpretation of both the account book and Hadith, in addition to being predominantly Sunni. Nonetheless, judgment is often divergent from other previous ones, as Saudi law provides judges with the powers to apply in the flesh(predicate) interpretations of the Sharia La w (jurisprudence), as principally guided by the above two Books. Apart from the above is the presence of royal decrees, these being the other master(prenominal) source of law and governance. These decrees, supplement existent Sharia Law in such realms as commercial, labor and corporate law. Of importance, though to a lesser distributor point are existent traditional tribal customs and laws rooted in the traditional aspect of the Saudi people. It is worthwhile to note that the Saudi population is late rooted in its divergent ancient-urban traditions that are organized along tribal and clan identities such as the nomadic Bedouin tribal communities (Niblock 56). The existent Sharia royal court system primarily constitutes the Kingdoms basic judicial system and processes, with its judges and lawyers forming part of the Kingdoms Ulema, the religious leadership. In existence also, are extra-Sharia government tribunals, primarily set up to handle royal decree-related disputes. Of funda mental importance, is the last-place judicial appeal directed towards the King, who through Sharia Law provides the final procedural measures. However, there exists criticism of the Kingdoms judicial (justice) system specifically pertaining to its slow, arcane nature, which espouses a lack of some safeguards requisite in this modern era. The judiciarys top echelon, comprising of mainly the older generation of Ulema, is ultra-conservative posing a hindrance to the Kingdoms modern interrelationships with the global society. Like a majority of its Arab League neighboring states, the Kingdom is endowed with both oil and gas mineral resources. In fact, it is the leading exporter of crude oil primarily fit(p) in the Eastern Province, with oil accounting for roughly 95% of the Kingdoms exports, in addition to 70% of government revenue (Schlesinger 75). Thus, through these big oil revenues, the Kingdom, just like a majority of its oil-exporting neighbors, has utilized the same towards ra pid modernization, hence promoting a sort of welfare state. Through its privatization of a majority of its critical industries, such as telecommunications and power/ energy, the government continues to promote economic growth. Through increased oil prices, from 2008-2009, have triggered a second oil boom, akin to that of 1981, with current per capita income being calculated at $7,400 inflation being factored in. Being